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$ user@system ~$ guix refresh
Backtrace:
          13 (primitive-load "/home/user/.config/guix/current/bin…")
In guix/ui.scm:
  1583:12 12 (run-guix-command _ . _)
In ice-9/boot-9.scm:
    829:9 11 (catch srfi-34 #<procedure 1839a80 at guix/ui.scm:615:…> …)
    829:9 10 (catch system-error #<procedure 1b1c0f0 at guix/script…> …)
In guix/scripts/refresh.scm:
   458:12  9 (_)
In srfi/srfi-1.scm:
    640:9  8 (for-each #<procedure 1839380 at guix/scripts/refresh.…> …)
In guix/scripts/refresh.scm:
    241:2  7 (check-for-package-update #<package acct@6.6.4 gnu/pac…> …)
In guix/gnu-maintenance.scm:
   561:21  6 (latest-gnu-release _)
   546:16  5 (_)
In ice-9/boot-9.scm:
    829:9  4 (catch srfi-34 #<procedure 1b1c0a0 at guix/http-client…> …)
In guix/http-client.scm:
   182:20  3 (_)
    88:25  2 (http-fetch _ #:port _ #:text? _ #:buffered? _ # _ # _ # …)
In guix/build/download.scm:
    403:4  1 (open-connection-for-uri _ #:timeout _ # _)
    301:6  0 (tls-wrap #<closed: file 3d22380> _ # _)

guix/build/download.scm:301:6: In procedure tls-wrap:
X.509 certificate of 'ftp.gnu.org' could not be verified:
  signer-not-found
  invalid

Solution

This issue is related to SSL certificate verification. Install nss-certs to fix it:

$ guix package -i nss-certs
$ export SSL_CERT_DIR="$HOME/.guix-profile/etc/ssl/certs"
$ export SSL_CERT_FILE="$HOME/.guix-profile/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt"
$ export GIT_SSL_CAINFO="$SSL_CERT_FILE"

Reference